advent-of-code-2024/day17/copy.go

package main

import ("math"; "errors"; "strconv"; "strings"; "fmt"; "os")

//---------------------------------------------------------
func check(err error) { if err != nil { panic(err) } }

//---------------------------------------------------------
type Computer struct {
    pc   uint
    ra   uint
    rb   uint
    rc   uint
    mem []byte
}

func NewComputer(input string) *Computer {
    registers := strings.Split(input, "\n\n")[0]
    memory    := strings.Split(strings.Split(input, "\n\n")[1], " ")[1]

    lines := strings.Split(registers, "\n")
    ra, err := strconv.Atoi(strings.TrimSpace(strings.Split(lines[0], ":")[1]))
    check(err)
    rb, err := strconv.Atoi(strings.TrimSpace(strings.Split(lines[1], ":")[1]))
    check(err)
    rc, err := strconv.Atoi(strings.TrimSpace(strings.Split(lines[2], ":")[1]))
    check(err)

    mem := make([]byte, 0)
    for _, str := range strings.Split(memory, ",") {
        num, err := strconv.Atoi(str)
        check(err)
        mem = append(mem, byte(num))
    }

    return &Computer{
        pc: 0,
        ra: uint(ra),
        rb: uint(rb),
        rc: uint(rc),
        mem: mem,
    }
}

func (c *Computer) literalop() uint {
    // current literal operator
    return uint(c.mem[c.pc + 1])
}

func (c *Computer) comboop() uint {
    // current combo operator
    val := uint(c.mem[c.pc + 1])

    switch {
        case val == 4: val = c.ra
        case val == 5: val = c.rb
        case val == 6: val = c.rc
        case val == 7: panic("invalid program")
    }

    return val
}

func (c *Computer) adv(op uint) uint {
    // division
    numerator   := c.ra
    denominator := math.Pow(2, float64(op))
    return uint(float64(numerator) / float64(denominator))
}

func (c *Computer) bxl(op uint) uint {
    // bitwise xor
    return c.rb ^ op
}

func (c *Computer) bst(op uint) uint {
    // mod 8
    return op % 8
}

func (c *Computer) jnz(op uint) {
    // jump if non zero
    if c.ra == 0 {  
        return
    } else {
        c.pc = op - 2
        return
    }
}

func (c *Computer) bxc() uint {
    // bitwise xor
    return c.rb ^ c.rc
}

func (c *Computer) tick() (int, error) {
    // returns an error if the program halts
    if c.pc >= uint(len(c.mem)) { return -1, errors.New("halted") }

    instr := c.mem[c.pc]
    out := -1
    switch {
        case instr == 0: c.ra = c.adv(c.comboop())
        case instr == 1: c.rb = c.bxl(c.literalop())
        case instr == 2: c.rb = c.bst(c.comboop())
        case instr == 3: c.jnz(c.literalop())
        case instr == 4: c.rb = c.bxc()
        case instr == 5: out = int(c.comboop() % 8)
        case instr == 6: c.rb = c.adv(c.comboop())
        case instr == 7: c.rc = c.adv(c.comboop())
    }

    c.pc += 2
    return out, nil
}

func (c *Computer) returns_its_source() bool {
    i := 0
    for {
        out, err := c.tick()

        if err != nil { return false }
        if out != -1 {
            if byte(out) != c.mem[i] { return false }
            i++
            if i == len(c.mem) { return true  }
        } 
    }
    // never reached
    return false
}

func (c *Computer) restore(ra uint) {
    c.pc = 0
    c.ra = ra
    c.rb = 0
    c.rc = 0
}


//---------------------------------------------------------
func main() {
    dat, err := os.ReadFile("data.txt")
    check(err)
    input := strings.TrimSpace(string(dat))

    comp := NewComputer(input)

    for i := range 1000000000 {
        comp.restore(uint(i))
        if comp.returns_its_source() {
            fmt.Println(i)
            break
        }
    }
}